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31.
《European journal of surgical oncology》2019,45(12):2257-2267
BackgroundElectrochemotherapy combines electroporation in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents and is used to treat tumours in many localisations, including cutaneous metastases. The symptoms associated with cutaneous malignant wounds can be distressing for patients and their management is a challenge in healthcare.AimThe purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in the context of palliative care.DesignAll aspects of the systematic review were followed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.Data sourcesThe following databases were searched for English-language reviews; Medline, Embase, CINAHL, British Nursing Index and the Cochrane Library. The search was conducted between the publication of Standard Operating Procedures in 2006 and the third week of October 2017. Studies involving oral cancers and studies with fewer than 10 patients were excluded. The selected studies were assessed for risk of bias and sub-group data were synthesised in a random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsFrom 425 studies, 29 studies were included involving 1503 patients, the pooled results were 46.6% for complete response and 82.2% for objective response according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours. The meta-analysis indicated that small tumours were over twice as likely (2.25) to have a complete response than large.ConclusionsElectrochemotherapy is an effective, repeatable and minimally invasive intervention within the palliative population that can reduce symptom burden. This review is an update of previous systematic reviews by Mali et al. [1,2] and highlights the need for tailored treatment depending on each individual case. 相似文献
32.
教学评价是教学过程中不可或缺的,行之有效的教学评价是促进教学方法改革,增强教学效果的指挥棒。与传统的教学方法相比较在混合式医学教学课堂中,教学评价也应进行相应的改革,从教师、自身、同行三个维度研究混合式医学教学中的教学评价方法的改革。同时强调完善教学评价的反馈机制。通过学生反馈、专家反馈、同行反馈、自身反馈,建立完整的混合式教学+医学教育的教学评价体系。 相似文献
33.
心脏外科专业型硕士研究生培养模式思考 《医学教育管理》2020,6(2):146-150,155
在我国临床医学专业学位硕士研究生同住院医师规范化培训并轨政策全面落实的背景下,心脏外科专业型硕士研究生从招生到培养过程中呈现出一些问题,通过从规范化培训计划的制定、人文素养和科研素养培育3个方面,结合教学体会提出了当前培养模式下对心脏外科专业型硕士研究生综合培养的思考。 相似文献
34.
探讨基于实践平台的《经络腧穴学》教学新模式,以促进教学相长。《经络腧穴学》作为针灸推拿专业的基础课程,也是核心理论与实践课程。通过建立多个校内实践平台,如大学生针灸推拿技能协会、针灸推拿理疗室,推进校外医疗服务实践平台等,根据"理论-实践-再理论-再实践"的教学模式,优化课堂理论教学和技能实训教学,构建"课堂教学-校内实践-社会服务"的《经络腧穴学》三维教学实践平台。可有效调动教与学的积极性,提高《经络腧穴学》的教学质量,提高学生的专业理论水平和临床实践能力,对针灸推拿专业人才的培养起到积极作用。 相似文献
35.
《Journal of neuroradiology. Journal de neuroradiologie》2019,46(6):390-397
Background and purposeMultiply occurring intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) have been documented but rarely occur, and neither pathogenesis nor prognosis is clearly understood. This study was conducted to analyze angiographic characteristics of multiple dAVFs and to chronicle our treatment experience.MethodsBetween April, 2002 and January, 2018, data prospectively collected from 310 patients with intracranial dAVFs were systematically reviewed, assessing clinical and anatomic outcomes of endovascular treatment in 32 patients with multiple dAVFs (≥ 2 fistulas each). Lesions were categorized as multifocal or diffuse type, depending on presentation, and further characterized as progressive or non-progressive disease.ResultsOverall, 18 patients (56.3%) experienced aggressive presentations, including intracerebral hemorrhage or venous infarction. Cortical venous reflux (CVR) was observed in 26 patients (81.3%), and sinus thrombosis or occlusion was seen in 24 (75.0%). Clinical outcomes in patients with multifocal fistulas (n = 11) were excellent (100%), marked by a moderately high rate of complete occlusion (54.5%). Those with progressive disease (n = 10) regularly displayed certain angiographic findings, namely diffuse configuration (100%), sinus thrombosis (100%), and CVR (100%). Complete anatomic obliteration was achieved in 12 patients (37.5%), and in 26 patients (81.3%), clinical outcomes were favorable.ConclusionMultiple dAVFs are typically aggressive at presentation, given strong associations with CVR and sinus thrombosis. In diffuse-type fistulas, the potential to recur or progress is high. Although definitive treatment poses a challenge, outcomes of endovascular therapeutics may be still optimized in this setting through strategic procedural modifications and careful follow-up monitoring. 相似文献
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39.
Comparative outcomes of vascular access in patients older than 70 years with end-stage renal disease
Deokbi Hwang Sujin Park Hyung-Kee Kim Seung Huh 《Journal of vascular surgery》2019,69(4):1196-1206.e5
Objective
The advantage of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in older patients requiring dialysis is controversial. We reviewed our vascular access experience in patients ≥70 years of age (older group) compared with younger patients.Methods
We analyzed consecutive patients who underwent access surgery between 2013 and 2016. Primary success (PS) and primary patency (PP) data were analyzed between the older and younger groups before and after propensity score matching of the patients' characteristics and access composition. PS was defined as the achievement of access function that was amenable to two sessions of successful cannulation without early occlusion or maturation failure requiring revision. PP was defined as the time with uninterrupted patency without intervention.Results
A total of 594 consecutive accesses were created among 563 patients, of whom 119 were allocated into each group after propensity score matching. In the whole cohort, 193 accesses (32.5%) were performed in older patients. AVFs were performed in 130 (67.4%) older patients and 293 (73.1%) younger patients. Regarding AVFs, the PS rate (83.6% in the older group vs 94.3% in the younger group; P = .001) and the overall PP at 6 and 12 months (73.1% and 57.1%, respectively, in the older group vs 86.7% and 77.7%, respectively, in the younger group; P = .009) were lower in the older group than in the younger group. However, no differences were found in the PS and PP rates for arteriovenous grafts between groups. Regarding the AVF location, the PS rate for forearm AVFs was significantly lower in the older group than in the younger group (76% vs 93%; P < .001); however, the PS rate of the upper arm was not different between the groups (94% vs 97%; P = .425). In the patients with PS, the PP rate of AVFs was similar between the two groups. In the older group with forearm AVFs, the median diameter of the radial artery was larger in the patients with PS than in the patients without PS (2.20 mm with PS vs 2.00 mm without PS; P = .008). The propensity score matching results demonstrated similar trends for the whole cohort, with lower PS (P = .042) and PP rates (P = .023) for AVF in the older group.Conclusions
The outcomes after AVF were poorer in the older group than in the younger group, which was primarily due to unsatisfactory outcomes in patients with forearm AVFs. Thus, stricter criteria, especially regarding the radial artery diameter, should be applied for forearm AVFs in older patients, and additional research is necessary to delineate the risk factors for primary failure. 相似文献40.